Reconstruction of Blood Transfer Stains

Determine what caused a blood swipe, and the swipe direction

Important: Prepare Your Photo

Crop so blood stain fills 50-70% of frame for best results.

  • Crop tightly around blood stain
  • Remove excess background
  • Keep entire stain visible
  • Orientation doesn't matter - AI will auto-detect!
iPhone/iPad:
  1. Photos app - Edit
  2. Tap Crop tool
  3. Frame stain tightly - Done
Android/Desktop:
  1. Use photo editor crop tool
  2. Frame stain tightly
  3. Save & upload

Help & FAQ

PDF Getting Started Guide Open in a new tab DOC Terms of Service What we store, how long, and when we email you

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a swipe?
A swipe is a bloodstain resulting from the transfer of blood from a blood-bearing surface onto another surface, with a relative motion between the two surfaces. In simpler words, swipes occur when a bloody object is rubbing along another object. If you have no crime scene pictures, swipe a bloody object along a white sheet of cardstock or thick paper.
How do I photograph a swipe?

Photograph the entire blood stain on a surface with a uniform white (or very light) background. Crop tightly around the blood stain — but keep the entire stain fully visible without cutting off any edges. Note the swipe direction, which our app will reconstruct.

For best results:

  • Use a clean, uniform white background
  • Resolution at least 500x200 pixels (higher is better)
  • Avoid cluttered backgrounds and crops that cut off any part of the swipe

Examples (click to view full size):

Good example: good_image_4904.png — uniform white background, full swipe visible, resolution > 500x200 px

Bad example: bad_image_4912.png — non-uniform / cluttered background, crop too tight

These open in a new tab so they don't interrupt your current view.

What does the app do?
The app reports three things: the pattern type (swipe, wipe, transfer or spatter), what the bloody object most likely was, and the direction the stain was made, drawn as an arrow on your photograph. It gives confidence values between 0% and 100%. At the moment, our app has only been tested on uniformly white backgrounds. For best results, photograph swipes on white cardstock, paper, or wall. Do not trust any result with low confidence.
I have no bloodstain photographs. How do I try the app?

Use the Practice photos strip on the classify screen, just under the upload box (it appears once you are signed in). These are the eleven workshop teaching images, ordered easiest first — work left to right, each one chosen to show you something the one before it could not. Tap a thumbnail and it is loaded exactly as if you had uploaded it yourself, including the step where you outline the stain. Nothing to download, and no third-party account. Once a photo is being worked on the strip tucks itself away to keep the screen short — the one-line Show practice photos button brings it back.

Or make your own: swipe a bloody object along white cardstock and photograph it — see "How do I photograph a swipe?" below.

Should I draw round the stain before classifying?

Yes - it is the biggest improvement you control, and it costs nothing. After you choose a photograph the app shows it again and lets you loop, box or stroke the stain before any credit is spent. If you just press Classify, the app segments on its own, which is measurably less reliable about direction.

Threshold (preview) shows you exactly what would be segmented, free of charge, so you can correct your marks before committing. Whatever the answers say, look at that thresholded image first - most surprising results are explained by what was segmented, not by the model.

What is the "This may not be a bloodstain" message?

Every classification is screened for whether the segmented region looks like blood at all. When it is flagged, the object, direction and pattern answers are hidden behind a click - they were computed and are on your record, but showing them under that warning would undercut it. The thresholded stain image stays visible, because that is the evidence you are being asked to check.

If you did not mark the stain, your credit is refunded: nobody told that run where to look, so a miss is ours. A run you aimed yourself is charged either way. Use the "There IS a stain" button to go back and draw round it.

The check also flags about 3 in 100 genuine stains, so it is a prompt to look, not a verdict - and a pass is not a guarantee either.

Why does it say my photo is framed too loosely?
If the pattern is small in the frame - many little marks covering a few percent of the photograph - the app warns you before you spend a credit and offers to crop to a tighter box, re-read from your original file at full resolution. It never blocks you: "Use the whole photo" carries on, and the result is marked as having been made below the recommended framing. Where the photograph holds many separate small stains, also tick Threshold every stain inside my loop under Advanced options.
Which answers are experimental?
Transfer and spatter are labelled experimental on the result card, because each currently rests on a single photographic session. A spatter call also hides the object and direction answers on purpose: impact spatter has no single causative object and no left/right sense. Spatter was learned from patterns filling roughly 7-15 cm of the frame, so a whole pattern photographed from further back will not be recognised.
What is the research mode?
Research mode was withdrawn on 12 August 2026 and is no longer offered. It gave a half-price classification in exchange for ground-truth details about how you made the stain. Submissions made under it before that date remain subject to the terms that applied when they were collected - kept for 3 years, or indefinitely if used to train the classifier - and still appear in your history. Today the choice is standard or private mode.
How long are my images kept?
Standard-mode images are automatically deleted 30 days after submission (your result and history entry remain, only the images are removed). Private-mode images are never stored at all. The case likelihood-ratio tool never stores your source photographs, but keeps the crops and labels you make from them indefinitely, and lets you download or delete them. Research-mode submissions, which are no longer accepted, are kept on the terms above. Full details are in our Terms of Service.
Analysis level
Privacy
Results visible to administrator. Standard credit cost.

Drag & Drop Swipe Photos

Auto-resized for fast upload. Orientation auto-detected.

Processing Images

Classification Results

Rotation Analysis

Tested 8 orientations to find optimal angle based on direction confidence

Angle Direction Confidence